教师资格考试：英语——倒装句

一、倒装句的定义

      谓语的全部或部分(助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的现象。

二、倒装句的分类

       倒装句可以分为完全倒装和部分倒装。下面就用完全倒装和部分倒装的不同情况进行分情况讨论。

完全倒装：

1、Here,here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子。

Eg：Out rushed the children.

—Is everyone here?

—Not yet. Look, there comes the rest of our guests!

2、表示地点的介词短语在句首时in、 at 、under...

Eg：Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.

3、强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡。

Eg：Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.

Beautiful are all these boys and girls.

部分倒装：

1、never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首。

Eg: It’s beyond description. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.

简直无法描述，在世界上再也找不到这样一个如此美丽安静的地方了。

2、“ only +状语”放在句首; not until+时间状语+....前不倒后倒。表示直到...才的意思。

Eg：Only after you finish it can you leave.

完成这项工作之后你才能离开。

Not until Dec. 2003 was Saddam Hussein caught by the US soldiers, and it was a great victory for the USA.

直到2003年12月份萨达姆才被美军捕获，这是美国历史上的一大胜利。

3、not only…but also;no sonner...than...连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒。

Eg：Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.

他不仅直到法语，而且还特别专业。

No sooner had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre than the curtain went up.

他们刚到电影院入座，电影就落下了帷幕。

4、so…that, such…that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时，前倒后不倒。

Eg：So much interest does Beijing offer that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.

北京有如此多的有趣的地方，以至于大部分游客都来不及看完。

5、neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后都倒装，表示既不也不的意思。

Eg：Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.

6、so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，需要倒装。但是如果表示对前面内容的肯定，就不需要倒装。

Eg：I wonder if your girlfriend will go to the ball. If she does, so will mine.

我想直到你女朋友是否要去误会，如果她去的话，我女朋友也会去。

--It was careless of you to have left your new bike outside all night.

--My God! So I did.

--你太粗心大意了，竟然把自行车丢在外面一整晚。

--天哪!我确实是。

7、as引导的让步状语从句。

Eg：Child as/though he is, he has learned a lot.

注意：as、though和although都可以引导让步状语从句，但是as后的从句一定要用倒装语序，though可倒可不倒，although一般不用倒装。

8、省略if的虚拟条件：在对过去以及将来的虚拟中，去掉If，把were, should, had 提前。

Eg：If I were you , I would not do it in this way.

Were I you, I would not do it in this way.

9、用于表示祝愿的祈使句中。

Eg：May you be in good health!

May you have a good time!

注意：学生在备考时应该注重相关连词的记忆和运用。